Now that you know the basic mirror types, lets learn about other, more unusual types of mirrors. Image is located between f and 2f image is located between f and 2f. The video in english explains about different types of mirror i. Spherical mirrors are of two types convex and concave. All of them are segments of spheres centered on a horizontal axis. A system of lenses andor mirrors forms an image by gathering rays from an object and then causes them to converge or diverge. The second lens, located behind the focal plane, which allows the observer to view the enlarged or magnified image. A basic standard lens which sees the way our eyes see is different for different formats. Difference between mirror and lens with comparison chart. Mirrors, which have curved surfaces designed to reflect rays, also form images.
Lenses have the virtual side placed on left and real side placed on the right. The focal length, f, is the distance between f and the lens. Convex mirror is also known as diverging mirror and concave mirror is known as converging mirror. Each of a lens two faces is part of asphere and can be convex or concave if a lens is thicker at the center than theedges, it is a convex, or converging, lenssince parallel rays will be converged tomeet at the focus. Science plane, concave and convex mirrors and reflection.
The terms concave and convex are from the perspective of the object. Patents for nonreversing mirrors go back as far as 1887, when john derby created one by placing two mirrors perpendicular to each other source. The image distance is the distance from the image to the mirror or lens. Key properties of the image formed by an optical element for a real object.
Lenses lenses are made of transparentmaterials, like glass or plastic. On the other extreme, a lens is a part of transparent refracting medium, i. Uses a concave mirror, plane mirror and a convex lens to collect and focus light from objects at a great distance. A mirror will have only one focal point, which is in front of the mirror.
The edges of concave mirrors always bend toward the oncoming light. It allows greater area of the photograph to be covered. Ifthe outside, or convex surface, is silvered, we have a convex mirror. The lens stereoscope, consists of two simple magnifying lenses mounted with a separation equal to the average interpupillary distance of the human eyes, but. In an ideal system, every point on the object will focus to a point of zero size on the image. Lens curvature, width, position, type of glass some can be fixed, other vary with focal length, focus e. From the object side, with n1 1, to the lens of n2 n with curvature radius r1. Make the back edge about 5 cm longer than the front edge.
This property has put mirrors and lenses in use for centuries. Preface this book provides an introduction to the eld of optics from a physics perspective. Just how much do you know about the different types of lenses and mirrors. These lenses use some form of the cassegrain design which greatly reduces the physical length of the optical assembly, partly by folding the optical path, but mostly through the telephoto effect of the convex secondary mirror which multiplies. It explains about properties of different types of mirrors and shows how different mirror. Mirrors and lenses both have the ability to reflect or refract light. A spherical mirror consists of a small section of the surface of a sphere with one side of the surface covered with a polished reflecting material, usually silver or aluminum. A ray passing through the focus of a concave mirror or proceeding toward the focus of a convex mirror is reflected parallel to mirror. Equipment ray box with planeconvexconcave mirror, convex lens, concave lens, prism reading lamp ruler protractor share. Let us examine the path of a ray of light pa emitted by a source at p and reflected from a concave mirror at a, as shown in. Mirrors and lenses purpose to examine how different kinds of mirrors reflect light and how prisms and different kinds of lenses refract light.
Then the two sides are combined to come up with the name of the lens. One such difference is the structure of convex lens is like, thicker at the centre and thinner at the edges. Uses of mirrors the most familiar type of mirror is the plane mirror which has a flat screen surface and is used to get a perfect reflection of what is happeneing in front of it, curved mirrors are also used, to produce magnified or diminished images or focus light or simply. The pupil is a little hole which allows light to pass into the eye. Hold a concave mirror in your hand and direct its reflecting surface towards the sun. With a converging lens, paraxial rays that are parallel to the principal axis converge to the focal point, f. Lenses in optics applications types of lenses physics. Concaveconvex mirror and lenses for ssc cgl, chsl, mts, nda, cds railway exams. There are two types of curved mirror convex and concave. The difference between mirror and lens is that mirror means a smooth and highly polished glass surface, through which images are formed by reflection, as the light falls on it. There are two types of lenses, and they each change the perspective of how things look. This article deals with mirror and lenses in the form of question and answers. Figure 3 illustrates how images are formed by a plane mirror and curved mirrors. There are two basic types of stereoscopes for stereoscopic viewing of photographs, namely, the lens stereoscope and the mirror stereoscope.
Various types of catadioptric systems are also used in camera lenses known alternatively as catadioptric lenses cats, reflex lenses, or mirror lenses. Because the rays do not actually converge on that point, this kind of image is called a virtual image. The concave lens is thin at its center and more thick at the tips, it separates the light rays, so, it is called the diverging lens special concepts related to the lenses. The most apparent distinction between mirrors and lenses are that mirrors reflect light rays light bounces back while light rays are refracted passthrough through a lens. It bends light further away in the middle, more like the inside of a bowl. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Concave mirror or converging lens p 2f 2f p f p mirror or diverging lens type. As of 2010, mirrors and lenses are so prevalent that most people use them every day, regardless of whether or not they consciously. Find the distance from the object to the lens, and the distance of the image to the lens, by subtracting out the distance from the lens to the eye. Types of mirrors figure 1 shows the three types of mirrors we will consider. Convex a convex lens is one where the center of the lens is thicker than the edges.
A converging lens is used to form a sharp image of a candle. Aberration, in optical systems, such as lenses and curved mirrors, the deviation of light rays through lenses, causing images of objects to be blurred. Types of converging lenses in order for a lens to converge light it must be thicker near the midpoint to allow more bending. Pdf optical images due to lenses and mirrors researchgate. Eight important differences between convex and concave lens are compiled in the article in tabular form. Light reflection and refraction 161 let us recall these laws i the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and ii the incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane. The object distance is the distance from the object to the mirror or lens. In order to obtain stereo pair every part of the ground to be surveyed must be photographed at least twice. These laws of reflection are applicable to all types. Reflection and refraction just an introduction class 10 ncert.
A greatly simplified view of the human eye is shown below. All of these telescopes are designed to collect light and bring it to a focus point so that it can be magnified by an eyepiece, however each design does it in a different manner. Different types of mirrors and lenses by vishva patel on. Black art of massaging the merit function optimize for. This type of mirror will produce only smaller and virtual images. In a plane mirror the image is the same size as the object and the same way up. Light, mirrors, and lenses make the following foldable to help you understand the properties of and the relationship between light, mirrors, and lenses. We take a brief look at some ways in which mirrors and lenses are utilised in technology. A mirror that bulges outwards is called a convex mirror. We are familiar that the spherical mirrors are not plane, they are curved in one particular direction. Preparation see under safety to ensure mirrors have no rough edges. It focuses primarily on the wave and ray descriptions of light, but also includes a brief intro. In this trivia questions quiz, you will get to learn some more about the different lenses and mirrors and how they differ from each other. The types and uses of lenses in our life science online.
It curves light away from its middle, like the outside portion of a bowl. Here, the newspaper is the object and the focal point is where the image needs to be located. A lens is a transparent device with two curved surfaces, usually made of glass or plastic, that uses refraction to form an image of an object. A ray parallel to mirror axis passes through the focal point of a concave mirror or appears to come from the focal point of a convex mirror. Difference between convex and concave lens with figure. Pdf the properties of real and virtual images formed by lenses and mirrors are.
Ppt mirrors and lenses powerpoint presentation free to. Conversely, the concave lenses are thinner at the centre and thicker at its edges, in. Stereoscopy stereoscope, types of stereoscope and flight. To the right of the lens is water refractive index 1. Practically, however, each image point occupies a volume of finite size and unsymmetrical shape, causing some blurring of the whole image. Other types of lenses another way to classify lenses is by the curve of the glass on each side of the lens. Introduction to mirrors and lenses when the surface is smooth, such as the surface of glass or a mirror, then it can be easily demonstrated how reflected rays always obey the law of reflection as illustrated below. Lenses lenses refract light in such a way that an image of the light source is formed. That is, place the object to the far left, then lens or mirror to the right of that object, and then puzzle out. Variations of these factors in lenses should determine the type and quality of lens and pictures you get. In the majority of the cases, a concave mirror produces real and inverted images except when the object is placed very near to the. Everything you need to know to solve a lensesmirror. A concave mirror is also known as a converging mirror since in these type of mirrors light rays converge at a point after they strike and are reflected back from the reflecting surface of the concave mirror.
A converging beam of light is incident upon the lens directed toward a virtual object o that is 60 cm from the lens. The center of the curvature of the lens face c is the center of the sphere, where this face is a part of it, the optical center of the lens is a point inside the lens lies on the principal axis in the mid. Lens assembly is several layers of lenses of varying properties providing zoom, focusing, and distortion correction. Telescope types and designs there are three basic types of optical telescopes refractor, newtonian reflector and catadioptric. The first lens in a refracting telescope that light from a celestial object passes though. It is on the axis of a mirror where rays of light are parallel to the axis converge after reflection or refraction.
First we need the object and image distances away from the eyeglass lenses. As of 2010, mirrors and lenses are so prevalent that most people use them every day, regardless of whether or not they consciously perceive the use. If the lower half of the lens is covered by a piece of paper, the a. The light will then be inverted at the focal plane. The rays of light coming from the point reflect according to.
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